Apparatus for extracting oil or fat



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. A. LIGHTHALL'JI'.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRAGTING OIL OR FAT.

No. 515,240, Patente'dTeb. 20,1894.

F fi 4r WITNESSES: INVENTOR,

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(No Model.)

' J. A; LIGHTHALL, Jr. APPARATUS FOR BXTBAGTING OIL 0R FAT.

Patented Feb. 20,. 1894.

h MWl ll l l l P-HJ INVENT R- X; ATTORN EY.

WITNESSES: 4/1 Y %%W NITED STATES JOHN A. LIGHTHALL, JR.,

or SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OIL OR FAT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,240, dated February 20, 1894.

Application filed December 9, 1893. Serial No. 493,229. (No model.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN A. LIGHTHALL, J r., of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Making Extracts, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to apparatus for ex tracting oils or grease from animal matter, seed or any substances containing oils.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and effective apparatus for treating substances containing oils or grease in order to extract the oils or grease therefrom; and to treat such substances by means of an agent that may be used repeatedly with very little loss or waste. I

To this end my invention consists in the combination in an apparatus for making extracts, of an extractor, means for conducting a liquid reagent thereto, a condenser connected to the extractor, means for separating the water from the reagent before the latter is stored for use, separate means for separating the grease from the reagent before the latter is returned to its storage tank.

My invention consists also in the combination of an extractor having an annular steam space therein, a plurality of openwork baskets arranged one above the other in the extractor, a storage tank for a liquid reagent, means for conducting the reagent to the extractor and heating the liquid during its transit, a condenser communicating with the extractor, a separator for separating the water from the reagent after it has passed through the condenser, a pipeconnecting the separator with the said storage-tank, a settler to receive the grease and the reagent held there in, a separator having an agitator and heater connected with the settler, and a pipe connectin g the separator having the agitator with the condenser.

apparatus and a sectional view of other parts, shown for the purpose of giving a clearer understanding of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a perforated basket.

indicates the receptacle for holding and containing the substances to be treated. This receptacle is preferably cylindrical in form and provided with a removable top or cover A which is removed when the substances to be treated are introduced and when the re mains are withdrawn. The substances are held in wire,or perforated sheet-metal or other openwork baskets a, a, &c., resting one above another in the center of the receptacle, the entire number of baskets resting upon brackets secured to the sides of the receptacle, the lower baskets being a short distance above the bottom which is concaved on its upper side. The bottom of each basket may becovered with cloth or other suitable material if desired, to prevent the small particles from dropping through.

Between the baskets and the sides of the receptacle A is a cylindrical partition a meeting the said sides at its top and bottom and not extending the entire length of the receptacle. The inclosed space thus made between the saidpartition and sides of the receptacle is the steam space connected by the pipe a" or steam inlet which leads from a suitable steam generator not shown in the drawings. Rivets extend between the sidesof the receptacle and the partition to support the latter.

The receptacle A is supported in position by a suitable frame work A".

B represents a storage tank, containing naphtha or other volatile hydrocarbon reagent, placed beneath the floor and connected, by a pipe 1) extending from the lower side of the tank, with a pump 0. The pump is connected by a pipe 0 with a heater D heated by any suitable and well known 'means. The heater D is in turn connected by a pipe d, termed the naphtha inlet, with the interior of the receptacle A, the connection being made with the receptacle on the side near the bottom.

Leading from the upper part of the receptacle A and connected therewith by branch pipes e, 6', extending from diametrically opposite sides thereof, is a pipe e, which is the Referring specifically to the drawings, A

vapor outlet which extends to an ordinary condenser E.

A pipe 6'' connects the condenser with the separator F, which has a drain pipe f with a valve therein, said separator being also in communication with the reagent holder or storage-tank B.

From the steam inlet 01." extends a pipe a' which connects with a perforated coil 0, in the lower part of the receptacle A beneath the baskets, for forcing out the grease or oil remaining in the bottom after the substances are treated, and for driving out the last part of the reagent through the vapor outlet 6.

Valves are shown in the steam inlet pipe for preventing the passage of steam to the various parts of the receptacle when desirable.

A' pipe G extends from the bottom of the receptacle A and serves to carry the grease or oil extracted from said receptacle to a tank I? which may be called a primary still or sett er.

The receptacle A is provided with a plurality of baskets a, a, 850., so that various substances may be treated and kept separated, at the same time, for instance, one basket may contain seed, another animal matter and another something else containing oil or grease to be extracted; further than this if the substances are kept separated during treatment they will not require separation afterward in order that they may be employed for different purposes, or bring different prices according to their value. It will be obvious that the small baskets may be handled or removed more easily from the receptacle than a single large one which would weigh many tons.

The pump 0 draws the liquid reagent from the storage tank B and forces it through the heater D and pipe (1 into the extractorA until the material therein is completely immersed in the heated liquid reagent, then the pump is stopped. During this part of the process the valves e and g are closed, then after the material is immersed the valve 2 is opened and thenaphthaisdischargedasvaporthrough the pipe e leading to the condenser E where it is condensed and is then delivered to the separator F where the water is separated from the naphtha by permitting it to pass from the separator through the drain pipe f and allowing the naphtha to discharge into the reagent holder or storage tank 13.

11"" indicates a drain pipe for the discharge of water from the annular steam space of the receptacle A.

The fat or oil extracted or driven out from the substances in the baskets by the action of the naphtha and heat settles in the bottom of the extractor A and is forced out into the settlerHby the pressure of the naphtha when the valve 6' is closed and the valve 9 is open. In order then to save the remaining naphtha in the substances, valve 9 is closed and steam is admitted to the receptacle by the perfocondenser E, thence through the separator F where the Water is drained off, the naphtha passing again to the storage-tank B. The fat or oil collected in the tank H which 15 kept heated continually by steam or other suitable medium, contains more or less naphtha and water which is vaporized and rises to the top of the tank, is permitted to pass to the condenser by the pipe 9'.

In order to save the naphtha remaining 1n the oil in the tank H I pass it through the pipe, it, into the secondary still or separator I which is provided with a revolving agitator operated by any suitable power and has a steam space, 2', similar to that of the receptacle A. The extra heat and agitation of the oil allows the naphtha suspended therein to pass off in vapor through the pipe j leading from the upper part of the said still I to the condenser and separator F where it is freed from any water with which it may have combined, while the grease passes out to a suitable tank through the'opening at m.

The still or separator I has its agitator so pivoted that the bearings will not be worn thereby preventing the escape of the naphtha. The shaft 70 is pivoted on the inner side of one end plate and does not extend through, and the bearing for the other end of the said shaft is on a support Z, remote from the still,- the pulley for the belt being between this support and the still. This construction re moves all weight and friction from the stuffing box in the end of the still through which the shaft passes, which if not removed would wear rapidly because of the action of the naphtha.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in anapparatus for making extracts of an extractor having an annular steam space therein, a plurality of openwork baskets arranged one above theother in the extractor, a storage tank for a liquid reagent, means for conducting the reagent to the extractor and heating the liquid during its transit, a condenser communicating with the extractor, a separator for separating the water from the reagent after it has for separating the grease from the reagent before the latter is returned to its storage tank, a heater for heating theliquid reagent during transit to the extractor, means for heating the extractor, and means also for reheating the grease and reagent after it is discharged from the extractor and While it is agitated, and a perforated steam coil near the bottom of the extractor, substantially as described.

3. The combination in an extractor for extracting grease and oils, of a cylindrical receptacle, an annular steam space within the receptacle connected with a steam inlet, stationary perforated metal baskets placed one above the other and supported above the bottom of the receptacle, a removable cover, an inlet for the reagent near the bottom, an outlet for the vapor near the top, and an outlet for the grease in the bottom of the receptacle, substantially as described.

4. The combination in a separator for grease and areagent of the kind specified, of a horizontal cylindrical receptacle, an annular steam space within the receptacle, an agitator, having paddles extending parallel to its shaft an inlet for the grease and reagent, an outlet for the grease in the bottom side, and an outlet for vaporized reagent in the top side of the said separator, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a separator for grease and a reagent of the kind specified, of a horizontal cylindrical receptacle, an annularsteam space within the receptacle, an agitator having paddles extending parallel to its shaft, an inlet for the grease and reagent, an outlet for the grease in the bottom side, and an outlet for vaporized reagent in the top side of the said separator, and a bearing for the agitator shaft on the inner side of one end of the separator, and the other bearing remote from and outside of the separator, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

JOHN A. LIGHTHALL, JR. 

